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Montana Cattle History Quiz

Updated: January 26, 2026

Answer the questions below about the beginnings of Montana's cattle industry and life on the open range.

    1. Where did Captain Richard Grant and his family live around 1850?

    • 2. What smart business did Johnny and James Grant start with worn-out oxen?

    • 3. Why were the abandoned oxen in the Beaverhead Valley able to recover and get fat?

    • 4. What was one reason Father DeSmet and other missionaries brought cattle to the Bitterroot and Mission Valleys?

    • 5. What happened in the early 1860s that greatly increased the demand for beef in Montana?

    • 6. How did Conrad Kohrs become one of the most important cattle ranchers in Montana?

    • 7. What helped Montana cattle ranching grow during the open-range era in the late 1800s?

    • 8. What were roundups mainly used for on the open range?

    • 9. Which statement best describes the life of a Montana cowboy in the late 1800s?

    • 10. Why did ranchers form Stockgrowers Associations in the 1880s?


Updated: January 26, 2026

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